Events+and+Leaders

Events and Leaders
 * Back

 Rulers of Russia (1721 – 1917) **: • Peter I (1721 – 1725), known as Peter the Great. • Catherine I (1725 – 1727) • Peter II (1727 – 1730) • Anna (1730 – 1740) • Ivan IV (1740 – 1741) • Elizabeth (1741 – 1762) • Peter III (1762 -1762), murdered. • Catherine II (1762 – 1796), known as Catherine the Great. • Paul I (1796 – 1801), assassinated. • Alexander I (1801 - 1825) • Constantine I (1825 – 1825) • Nicholas 1 (1825 -1855) • Alexander II (1855 – 1881), assassinated. • Alexander III (1881 – 1894) • Nicholas II (1894 – 1917) renounced the thrown.

• 1700 - Calendar reformed; war with Sweden begins. • 1703 - St. Petersburg founded; becomes capital of Russia in 1713. • 1709 - Swedes defeated at Battle of Poltava. • 1721 - Treaty of Nystad ends Great Northern War with Sweden and establishes Russian presence on Baltic Sea; Peter the Great proclaims Muscovy the Russian Empire; Holy Synod replaces patriarchate. • 1723-32 - Russia gains control of southern shore of Caspian Sea. • 1762 - Peter III crowned emperor of Russia; abolishes compulsory state service for the gentry; Catherine II (the Great) crowned empress of Russia after Peter III's assassination. • 1768-74 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji. • 1772 - Russia participates in first partition of Poland. • 1773-74 - Emel'yan Pugachev leads peasant revolt. • 1787-92 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of Jassy; Ottomans recognize 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea. • 1792 - Government initiates Pale of Settlement, restricting Jews to western part of the empire. • 1812 - Napoleon's army occupies Moscow but is then driven out of Russia. • 1825 - Decembrist Revolt fails; Nicholas I crowned emperor. • 1831 - Polish uprising crushed by forces of Nicholas I. • 1837 - First Russian railroad, from St. Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo, opens. • 1849 - Russia helps to put down anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebellion at Austria's request. • 1853-56 - Russia fights Britain, France, Sardinia, and Ottoman Empire in Crimean War; Russia forced to accept peace settlement dictated by its opponents. • 1860 - Treaty of Beijing signed with China. • 1863 Polish rebellion unsuccessful. • 1864 - Judicial system reformed; zemstva created. • 1866 - Crime and Punishment by Fedor Dostoyevskiy (1821-81) published. • - War and Peace by Lev Tolstoy (1828-1910) published. • 1873-74 - Army reformed; Russian radicals go "to the people." • 1877-78 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of San Stefano. • 1879 - Revolutionary society Land and Liberty splits; People's Will and Black Repartition formed. • 1879-80 - The Brothers Karamazov by Fedor Dostoyevskiy published. • 1881 - Alexander II assassinated; Alexander III crowned emperor. • 1898 - Russian Social Democratic Labor Party established and holds first congress in March. Lenin one of organizers of party. • 1903 - Russian Social Democratic Labor Party splits into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions. • 1904-05 - Russo-Japanese War ends with Russian defeat. • 1905 - Bloody Sunday massacre in January begins Revolution of 1905, a year of labor and ethnic unrest. Government issues so-called October Manifesto, calling for parliamentary elections. • 1906 - First Duma (parliament) elected. • 1911 - Petr Stolypin, prime minister since 1906, assassinated. • 1914 - World War I begins. • 1917 March - February Revolution, in which workers riot in Petrograd, Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies formed, Provisional Government formed, Emperor Nicholas II abdicates, Petrograd Soviet issues Order Number One. • April - Demonstrations lead to Aleksandr Kerenskiy's assuming leadership in government; Lenin returns to Petrograd from Switzerland. • July - Bolsheviks outlawed after attempt to topple government fails. • November - Bolsheviks seize power from Provisional Government; Lenin, as leader of Bolsheviks, becomes head of state, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (Russian Republic) formed, Constituent Assembly elected. **(This is very important, as it was the fall of the Tsarist Regime in Russia after hundreds of years).**
 * Events:**

Interesting Link : http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/4971805/Mystery-of-murdered-Russian-Tsars-missing-children-solved-by-DNA-study.html