The+Rise+of+The+Tang+Dynasty+-+Research+Notes+-+Science+and+Mathematical+Contributions


 * 10. __Science and Mathematical Contributions__:** Were there any major scientific or mathematical contributions? If yes, describe their knowledge, discovery or invention. How did these discoveries influence your Peoples?

The scientific and mathematical technologies were very important for having an advanced and functioning system of everyday life of the Tangs.

A number of people calculated the paths of the sun, moon, and the constellations. These calculations were mainly for the purposes of the calender. This helped people know the dates similiar as to how we know it now. There were different types of calenders/calculations. "Li": calender HuangJiLi皇极历- The HuangJi calender, calendric calculations by Liu Zhuo刘焯 XuanMingLi宣明历- The XuanMing calender, calendric calculations by Xu Ang徐昂 TaiYanLi太衍历- The TaiYan calender, calendric calculations by Monk YiXing一行
 * Astronomy**


 * Mathematics**

Here are a list of some mathematicians and mathematical innovations/inventions during the Tang Dynasty.
 * Some mathematicians were Wang XiTing 王希通, he wrote a book QiGu SuanJing (Logical Historical Math Book of Experiences)→Involves the solution of third degree equation.
 * A Collection of the Ten Mathematical Classics十部算经
 * The Abacus/SuanPan算盘 was commonly used to solve simple mathematical problems, the Abacus/SuanP[[image:http://www.chinavista.com/experience/abacus/suanpan.jpg align="right" caption="The Abacus/SuanPan算盘"]]an has very similiar functions to the modern calculator. (This was invented in the Han Dynasty)
 * Mathematics are an important part of everyday life in China at the time. For example, they were vital in the Equal field system(juntianfa均田法), and the taxation system(zuyongdiao zhi租庸调制)., and many other systems that needed the principles of math.


 * Agriculture**
 * Agricultre was very important for the Tang Empire's economy.
 * Some important contributiuons in literature:
 * ZhuGe Ying's Book About Sewing and CUltivation, Lu GuiMeng's Book About Fieldwork, Lu Yu's Book about Tea, Han E's Book About Agriculture of the Four Seasons, and Li Shi's Book About Animal Diseases

Medicine
 * major improvements in dentistry and inner medicine
 * the blood circuit and the digestion system were discovered
 * many new innovations on pharmaceutics e.g. Sun SiMiao //Solutions for Emergencies//

Book Printing

Of great importance for the further development of the whole Chinese culture is the invention of bookprinting that was first used by Buddhist monks to spread their sermons, sutras and illustrations in a cheap and easy way. After the Tang period, the technique of book printing further developed and was also employed by the courts of the Five Dynasties and Ten States. During the Later Tang period, the nine Confucian Classics were printed in 953 after twenty years of carving characters. This undertaking contributed to the revival of Confucianism. In the empire of Shu蜀(modern Sichuan) character dictionaries and mantic books were printed.
 * bookprinting first used by Buddhist monks to spread lectures, sermons, suras, and illustrations, and concept of Buddhism
 * The further development of bookprinting created a "media culture".
 * Information was spread much more faster and easier.[[image:JourneyToTheWest1986.jpg align="right" caption="A modern drama series based on the original story of The Journey to the West. This story is very widespread, today, and historically."]]
 * improved the quality of a lot of documents, writings, mappings, etc. that had to be done by hand before
 * The famous monk Tang XuanZang's book about The Journey to the West was printed in large amounts after.

In the field of architecture, the old styles were preserved in the wooden halls, palaces and temples (whose style still can be seen in Korean and Japanese temples), but new architectural styles arrived at China by the Buddhist monks that erected monasteries (si寺) and pagodas (ta塔) covered with glazed tiles. Ceramics also made a great improvement especially in the field of glazing (you釉), and the special appearance of Tang Dynasty porcelain and earthenware is the three colored glazing (sancai三彩). Gold and silverwork was very widespread during the Tang Dynasty. Chinese artists might have found their masters in Arabian or Persian craftsmen. Physical phenomens like rainbow, waves, echo, and crystals found their first scientific description.
 * Architecture**

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