Events+and+Leaders+-+Inca




 * 1438 - Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui becomes Sapa Inca (Burland 16)
 * Captures the entire highland area of the Peru (Burland 16)
 * Great military strategist and statesman (McEwan 74-77)
 * Reorganizes the kingdom of Cuzco into an Empire (http://easyperu.com/inca.html)
 * Centralizes the government (http://easyperu.com/inca.html)
 * Divides the empire into four provinces (http://easyperu.com/inca.html)


 * 1450 - Inca city of Machu Picchu is built on high ridge in Peru (http://easyperu.com/inca.html)
 * 1471 – Topac Yupanqui becomes Sapa Inca ("http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Inca.aspx")
 * Son of Pachacuti ("http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Inca.aspx")
 * Brilliant general who unifies the nation (McEwan 77-78)
 * Doubles the size of the empire in thirty years to maximum size (McEwan 77-78)
 * Expands to present day Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina (McEwan 77-78)
 * Captures coastal regions and sails to Pacific islands (Burland 16)


 * 1476 – Conquers the Chimu civilization (http://www.fincher.org/History/WorldAD.shtml)


 * 1493 – Huayna Capac becomes Sapa Inca (Burland 16)
 * Last of the great emperors ("http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HuaynaCa.html")
 * Divides the empire leaving it to two of his son, Huascar and Athahualpa ("http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HuaynaCa.html")
 * Empire reaches its greatest size and power, stretches from present day Maule, Chile to Quito, Ecuador and numbers seven million (Lewis 24)


 * 1518 – Smallpox brought by Columbus on his second voyage reaches the Inca Empire (Cook 60)
 * Diseases kills two-thirds of the Inca population (Cook 60)


 * 1524 – Sapa Inca, Huayna Cápac, dies of smallpox (http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/peru/peru_history_the_incas.html)
 * Francisco Pizarro’s first voyage to South America (L.Beck 71)


 * 1525 – Huascar becomes Sapa Inca (http://www.infoperu.com/en/view.php?lang=en&p=162)
 * Atahualpa also claims the position of Sapa Inca (http://www.infoperu.com/en/view.php?lang=en&p=162)


 * 1526 –1527 – Pizarro's second voyage to South America and makes first contact with Incas at Tumbez (http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/inca.html)


 * 1528 – Civil war breaks out throughout the Inca Empire (http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/peru/peru_history_the_incas.html)
 * Dynastic fratricidal struggle between Huáscar and Atahualpa, fighting for the position of Sapa Inca and privileges that came along with it (avaricious) (http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/peru/peru_history_the_incas.html)


 * 1528–1529 – Pizarro returns to Spain and obtains license to conquer Peru, naming Pizarro as governor of Peru (http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/inca.html)


 * 1532 – Civil was ends, kills one in every twenty men (Smith 453)
 * Atahualpa is victorious (http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/inca.html)
 * Leaves the Incas particularly vulnerable to the Spanish attack ("http://incas.perucultural.org.pe/english/hiscol1.htm")
 * Greatly weakens the Inca army ("http://incas.perucultural.org.pe/english/hiscol1.htm")


 * 1532 – Francisco Pizarro arrives on his third voyage, landing in Ecuador, with 180 Spanish men and 30 horses (Ralph Lewis 68)
 * Spanish are welcomed as conquering heroes, believed that they would free the people from the oppressive rule of the Sapa Inca (Barnand 31 - 43) (Hyams 193)
 * Capture the Sapa Inca, Atahualpa and kill 6000 warriors (" http://workmall.com/wfb2001/peru/peru_history_the_spanish_conquest_1532_72.htm")
 * Force Atahualpa to paralyze remaining army (" http://workmall.com/wfb2001/peru/peru_history_the_spanish_conquest_1532_72.htm")
 * Invaded the Inca's for their gold, deadened all feelings towards the Inca people (Bernand 34 - 37)
 * Spanish were well trained and had far superior weaponry (Bernand 21 - 26)
 * Incas had never seen horses or guns before (Bernand 21 - 26)


 * 1533 – Atahualpa is executed (Ralph Lewis 68)
 * Huascar is murdered by the Spanish ("http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Atahualpa.aspx")
 * Cuzco falls to the Spanish (http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/archaeology/sites/south_america/cuzco.html)
 * 1534 – Manco Capac is crowned Sapa Inca by Francisco Pizarro but is used as a puppet (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)
 * Northern Inca army is defeated and Quito destroyed (Ramen 87)


 * 1535 – Pizarro founds the city of Lima ("http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/462456/Francisco-Pizarro")


 * 1536 – Manco Capac lays siege to Cuzco (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)
 * Lasts ten month and destroys the city (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)


 * 1536 – 1572 – Inca rebels continually attack the Spaniards (http://www.infoperu.com/en/view.php?lang=en&p=164)


 * 1537 – Cuzco is recaptured by the Spanish (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)
 * Manco Capac flees to Vilcabamba where he lives for 36 years (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/03/0314_0318_vilcabamba.html)


 * 1541 – Francisco Pizarro is murdered (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)


 * 1544 – Manco Capac is murdered (http://www.lost-civilizations.net/inca-civilization-page-8.html)


 * 1546 – Typhus infects the remaining Inca people ("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire")


 * 1558 – Influenza and smallpox, reach and kill the Inca people ("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire")


 * 1571 – Tupac Armaru becomes King (http://www.rediscovermachupicchu.com/inca-rulers.htm)


 * 1572 – Spanish penetrate Vilcabamba and kill the last Inca ruler, Tupac Armaru (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/03/0314_0318_vilcabamba.html)
 * Vilcabamba is abandoned (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/03/0314_0318_vilcabamba.html)
 * Spaniards remove inhabitants and relocate them to new town christened San Francisco de la Victoria de Vilcabamba (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/03/0314_0318_vilcabamba.html)


 * 1589 – Smallpox infects the Inca people for the third time in less then a century ("http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire")

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