Arts,+Literature+and+Music

__**Arts, Literature and Music: **__ Back  Visual Art: • Russian avant-garde is an umbrella term used to define the large, influential wave of modernist art that flourished in Russia from approximately 1890 to 1930  •  Separate but related art movements that occurred at the time: neo-primitivism, suprematism, constructivism, and futurism.  • I mportant artists from this era include El Lissitzky, Kazimir Malevich, Wassily Kandinsky, Vladimir Tatlin, Alexander Rodchenko, and Marc Chagall and others.

Literature: • The 19th century - "Golden Era" of Russian literature • Romanticism allowed lots of poetic talent: Zhukovsky and later that of his protegé Aleksandr Pushkin emerged. • Pushkin is credited with both crystallizing the literary Russian language and introducing a new level of artistry to Russian literature. • His best-known work is a novel in verse, Eugene Onegin. • An entire new generation of poets including Mikhail Lermontov, Evgeny Baratynsky, Konstantin Batyushkov, Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Fyodor Tyutchev, and Afanasij Fet followed in Pushkin's steps. • Prose doing well also. • The first great Russian novelist was Nikolai Gogol. • Leskov, Ivan Turgenev, Saltykov-Shchedrin and Goncharov. • Leo Tolstoy ( most famous for War and Peace) and Fyodor Dostoevsky, became internationally renowned to the point that many scholars have described one or the other as the greatest novelist ever. • Later in the nineteenth century Anton Chekhov excelled in writing short stories and became maybe the leading dramatist internationally of his period.

• More important progresses in arts and literature include: Ivan Krylov the fabulist; non-fiction writers such as Belinsky and Herzen; playwrights such as Griboedov and Ostrovsky and Kozma Prutkov the satirist. • The silver age of poetry came just along with the fall of the tsarist regime, the early 20th century. • Well-known poets of the period include: Alexander Blok, Sergei Esenin, Valery Bryusov, Konstantin Balmont, Mikhail Kuzmin, Igor Severyanin, Sasha Cherny, Nikolay Gumilyov, Maximilian Voloshin, Innokenty Annensky, Zinaida Gippius • Best known of the “silver age” are Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Osip Mandelstam and Boris Pasternak. • A burst of art and literature came just at the hardest part of this oppressive regime – the golden age.  • Pyotr Tchaikovsky  composed many ballets including: Swan Lake and the Nutcracker.  • Many artist and poets could draw upon life’s hardships and cruelties and could draw from the oppression the saw around them. • Art was a way to liven people’s spirits or to bring them in touch with their emotions in real dire circumstances.