Timeline+of+the+Russian+Tsars

Timeline Home 860 -Rurik rules Novgorod according to the earliest found chronicle of Kievan Rus 880 -Prince Oleg becomes the first historically known leader of Kievan Rus
 * The Ninth Century **

911 -Prince Oleg makes treaty with Byzantine Empire after attacking Constantinople 944 -Prince Igor convinces Constantinople to sign treaty with Kievan Rus 955 -Princess Olga converts to Christianity 971 -Prince Svyatoslav makes peace with Byzantine Empire. 988 -Prince Vladimir converts Kievan Rus' to Christianity.
 * The Tenth Century **

1015 -Rurik Princess goes into fratricidal war that continues into 1036 after Prince Vladimir’s death 1019 - Prince Yaroslav (the Wise) takes power of Kievan Rus 1036 -Prince Yaroslav ends fratricidal war 1037 - Prince Yaroslav defeats Pechenegs 1051 - Ilarion becomes first native metropolitan of Orthodox Church in Kievan Rus.
 * The Eleventh Century **

1113-25 -Kievan Rus experiences revival under Grand Prince Vladimir Monomakh. 1136 -Kievan Rus gives independence to Novgorod 1147 -Chronicles first mention Moscow 1156 -Novgorod acquires its own archbishop 1169 -Andrey Bogolyubskiy assumes title "Grand Prince of Kiev and all Rus'" but chooses to reside in Suzdal
 * Twelfth Century **

1219-41 -Kiev falls to Mongols without resisting 1242 -Aleksandr Nevskiy fends off Teutenic Knights 1253 -Prince Daniil accepts rule from pope
 * Thirteenth Century **

1327 -Mongols give Ivan Kalita ("Money Bags") the title off "Grand Prince of Vladimir" 1327 -Moscow becomes seat of metropolitan of Russian Orthodox Church 1351 -Bubonic Plague infests Russia 1380 -Mongols continue to dominate even after Dmitriy Donskoy defeats Golden Horde at Battle of Kulikovo
 * Fourteenth Century **

1462 -Ivan the great becomes grand prince of Muscovy and is the first person to use the term “Tsar” which means “Ruler of Rus” 1478 -Muscovy defeats Novgorod. 1480 -Ivan frees Russian's from the Mongols 1485 -Muscovy conquers Tver.
 * Fifteenth Century **

1505 -Vasiliy III becomes grand prince of Muscovy. 1510 -Muscovy conquers Pskov. 1533 -Grand Prince Ivan IV named ruler of Muscovy at age three. 1547 -Ivan IV (the Terrible) crowned tsar of Muscovy 1552 -Ivan IV conquers Kazan' Khanate. 1556 -Ivan IV conquers Astrakhan' Khanate. 1565 -Oprichnina of Ivan IV creates a state within the state. 1571 -Tatars raid Moscow. 1581 -Yermak begins conquest of Siberia. 1584 -Fedor I crowned tsar 1589 -Patriarchate of Moscow established. 1596 -Union of Brest establishes Uniate Church. 1598 -Fedor dies and Rurik Dynasty ends. Boris Godunov named tsar
 * Sixteenth Century **

1601 -Three years of famine begin. 1605 -Fedor II crowned tsar 1606 -Vasiliy Shuyskiy named tsar. 1610 -Second False Dmitriy proclaimed tsar. 1610-13 -Poles occupy Moscow. 1611-12 -Russians organize counterattack on Poles 1613 -Mikhail Romanov crowned tsar, founding Romanov Dynasty 1631 -Metropolitan Mogila (Mohyla) founds academy in Kiev. 1645 -Aleksey crowned tsar. 1648 -Ukrainian Cossacks revolt against Polish landowners and gentry 1649 -Serfdom fully established by law. 1654 -Treaty of Pereyaslavl places Ukraine under tsarist rule. 1667 -Treaty of Andrusovo ends war with Poland. 1670-71 -Stenka Razin leads revolt. 1676 -Fedor III crowned tsar 1689 -Treaty of Nerchinsk ends period of conflict with China. 1696 -Ivan V dies, leaving Peter the Great sole tsar • 1700 - Calendar reformed; war with Sweden begins. • 1703 - St. Petersburg founded; becomes capital of Russia in 1713. • 1709 - Swedes defeated at Battle of Poltava. • 1721 - Treaty of Nystad ends Great Northern War with Sweden and establishes Russian presence on Baltic Sea; Peter the Great proclaims Muscovy the Russian Empire; Holy Synod replaces patriarchate. • 1723-32 - Russia gains control of southern shore of Caspian Sea. • 1762 - Peter III crowned emperor of Russia; abolishes compulsory state service for the gentry; Catherine II (the Great) crowned empress of Russia after Peter III's assassination. • 1768-74 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji. • 1772 - Russia participates in first partition of Poland. • 1773-74 - Emel'yan Pugachev leads peasant revolt. • 1787-92 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of Jassy; Ottomans recognize 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea. • 1792 - Government initiates Pale of Settlement, restricting Jews to western part of the empire.
 * Seventeenth Century **
 * Eighteenth Century **

• 1812 - Napoleon's army occupies Moscow but is then driven out of Russia. • 1825 - Decembrist Revolt fails; Nicholas I crowned emperor. • 1831 - Polish uprising crushed by forces of Nicholas I. • 1837 - First Russian railroad, from St. Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo, opens. • 1849 - Russia helps to put down anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebellion at Austria's request. • 1853-56 - Russia fights Britain, France, Sardinia, and Ottoman Empire in Crimean War; Russia forced to accept peace settlement dictated by its opponents. • 1860 - Treaty of Beijing signed with China. • 1863 Polish rebellion unsuccessful. • 1864 - Judicial system reformed; zemstva created. • 1866 - Crime and Punishment by Fedor Dostoyevskiy (1821-81) published. • - War and Peace by Lev Tolstoy (1828-1910) published. • 1873-74 - Army reformed; Russian radicals go "to the people." • 1877-78 - War with Ottoman Empire ends with Treaty of San Stefano. • 1879 - Revolutionary society Land and Liberty splits; People's Will and Black Repartition formed. • 1879-80 - The Brothers Karamazov by Fedor Dostoyevskiy published. • 1881 - Alexander II assassinated; Alexander III crowned emperor. • 1898 - Russian Social Democratic Labor Party established and holds first congress in March. Lenin one of organizers of party.
 * Nineteenth Century **

• 1903 - Russian Social Democratic Labor Party splits into Bolshevik and Menshevik factions. • 1904-05 - Russo-Japanese War ends with Russian defeat. • 1905 - Bloody Sunday massacre in January begins Revolution of 1905, a year of labor and ethnic unrest. Government issues so-called October Manifesto, calling for parliamentary elections. • 1906 - First Duma (parliament) elected. • 1911 - Petr Stolypin, prime minister since 1906, assassinated. • 1914 - World War I begins. • 1917 March - February Revolution, in which workers riot in Petrograd, Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies formed, Provisional Government formed, Emperor Nicholas II abdicates, Petrograd Soviet issues Order Number One. • April - Demonstrations lead to Aleksandr Kerenskiy's assuming leadership in government; Lenin returns to Petrograd from Switzerland. • July - Bolsheviks outlawed after attempt to topple government fails. • November - Bolsheviks seize power from Provisional Government; Lenin, as leader of Bolsheviks, becomes head of state, Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (Russian Republic) formed, Constituent Assembly elected.
 * Twentieth Century **