timeline

__**Timeline of thePhoenicians/Carthaginians**__

2750 BC -Founding of Tyre, the first Phoenicians city-state 2700 2650 2600 2550 2500 2450 2400 2350 2300 2250 2200 2150 2100 2050 2000 1950 1900 1850 1800 1750 1700 1650 1590 BC -The Phoenicians battle the Egyptians. 1550 1500 BC -The Phoenicians settle Cyprus. 1450 1400 1350 1300 BC -The Phoenicians make trading agreements with the Egyptians. 1252 BC –Phoenicians engage in the war of Sidon against the Philistines. 1200 BC-Tyre becomes the most powerful Phoenician city-state. 1150 1100 BC-The Phoenicians set up colonies on the Atlantic coast in both Spain and Africa. 1050 1000 950 900 876 BC-The Phoenicia cities begin to pay tribute to the Assyrian empire. 854 BC-The Phoenicians go to war with Assyrians and are defeated. 813 BC-The colony of Carthage is founded in Northern Africa (future rival of Rome). 800 750 727 BC-The city-state of Tyre attempts to claim independence from the Assyrians. 725 BC-Tyre defeats the Assyrians in history’s first naval battle and then withstands a 5 year siege. 701 BC-Tyre is sacked by the Assyrians 695 BC-Spain becomes an independent Phoenician kingdom. 678 BC-The city-state of Sidon besieged for three years and then captured by the Assyrian empire. 650 636 BC-The Phoenician city-states become independent in the midst of the weakening Assyrian empire. 600 587 BC-The Babylonian empire begins a 13 year siege of Tyre, Tyre eventually capitulates. 550 538 BC-Phoenicia becomes a Persian province; Carthage asserts its independence. 536 BC-The Carthaginians capture Corsica from the Greeks. 509 BC-Carthage is recognized by Rome as controller of the western seas. 500 BC-Hanno, with Phoenicians ships, circumnavigates Africa. 450 400 350 332 BC-Tyre is besieged by Alexander the Great and his Greek and Macedonian army, and is then stormed. 310 BC-Carthage besieged by the Greeks of Sicily. 276 BC-Carthage finally conquers Sicily. 264 BC-Carthage begins its first war with the Romans. 260 BC-Carthage’s navy is defeated at Mylae. 256 BC-Romans invade Carthaginian Africa, but are defeated. 248 BC-Carthage repeatedly defeats the Romans in Sicily. 241 BC-Carthage sues for peace with the Romans. 237 BC-Carthage crushes the mercenary uprising. 236 BC-Carthage begins the building of an empire among the Phoenician cities in Spain. 219 BC- Carthage goes to war with Rome. 218 BC-Hannibal crosses the Alps into Italy and wins three major victories. 216 BC-Hannibal's defeats the Romans at Cannae. 211 BC-Hannibal begins the siege Rome, but abandons the siege as hopeless. 209 BC-The Romans are victorious in Spain. 207 BC-A second Carthaginian army crosses the Alps, but is defeated at the battle Metaurus. 204 BC-The Romans invade Carthaginian Africa. 203 BC-Hannibal recalled back to Africa to defend Carthage. 202 BC-Hannibal is defeated at the battle Zama by the Roman army under the command of Scipio. 201 BC-Carthage submits to Rome. 149 BC-The Carthaginians are commanded to leave their city, they resist and withstand a two-year siege. 146 BC-The final destruction of Carthage and the end of Phoenician political influence.